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England and Wales saw a notable increase in population, with estimates showing a rise of over 700,000 in the year leading up to June 2024. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) revealed that the majority of this increase was attributed to international migration, though the numbers were lower compared to the previous year. The figures indicated a total population of 61.8 million in England and Wales in June 2024, marking an increase of 706,881 from the previous year.
Migration has been the primary driver of population growth in England and Wales since the late 1990s, with natural change playing a minor role. This recent surge in population is one of the largest year-on-year increases since the ONS began collecting comparable data in 1949. Addressing the issue of immigration has been a significant challenge for both Conservative and Labour governments, with differing opinions on the impact and management of migration.
In the 12 months leading up to June 2024, over a million people immigrated to England and Wales while over 450,000 emigrated, resulting in a net migration figure of 690,147. The decrease from the previous year can be attributed to changes in migration rules, such as restrictions on international students bringing family members and overseas care workers bringing dependents. Additionally, there were slightly more births than deaths, contributing to population growth in certain regions.
The ONS data also highlighted long-term trends such as a decline in fertility rates and an increase in deaths due to an aging population. Across a span of 10 years, regions in England and Wales varied in population growth rates, with the East Midlands experiencing the highest growth while the north-east had the lowest. These figures demonstrate the complex interplay of factors shaping population dynamics in the region
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