Ulster University researchers have mapped out how the entire coastline of Northern Ireland has changed over almost 200 years, using maps, photographs, and surveys. Researchers examined each 25m section of coastline for changes as well as human modifications, such as power stations, harbours, and ports, which advanced the shoreline by reclaiming land. The findings provide the first scientifically-robust dataset on how the coastline is altering over time, identifying areas that are at risk of coastal change.
The project, which was funded by Northern Ireland’s Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, was led by Prof Derek Jackson. It involved examining the first detailed Ordnance Survey maps of Northern Ireland from circa 1830 through to the present day. Despite the study being a “huge technical challenge”, the researchers managed to produce a “fantastic database” that will aid the future management of Northern Ireland’s coastline.
The research found that the largest natural shoreline erosion levels were on the western side of Magilligan Point, while the largest shoreline advancements over the past two centuries were identified at Murlough near Newcastle in County Down, due to extensive land reclamation in sea loughs, expansions of ports and harbours, power stations, wastewater treatment areas, or tourist facilities.
The Northern Ireland Coastal Observatory plans to make all the information publicly available so it can inform coastal management initiatives. This study is part of a series of initiatives led by Northern Ireland’s Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs through the Northern Ireland Coastal Forum and its associated working group.
In conclusion, the mapping of the entire coastline of Northern Ireland through historical records provides vital information on how the coast is changing over time. Through this project, Northern Ireland now has a detailed picture of how dynamic its coastline is, which serves as a much better scientific basis to manage coastlines in the future
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